Guideline for Head to Toe Observation
When you assess your client for either a daily observation of for a possible problem or concern, consider the following while looking at your client.
- Consciousness
- Alert
- Confused
- Slow to react
- Confused
- Drowsy
- Listless
- Grooming
- Clean
- Untidy
- Dirty
- Skin
- Pale
- Clammy
- Rough
- Bruises
- Open sores
- Yellow
- Dry
- Red
- Rashes
- Scaly patches
- Mood
- Cheerful
- Anxious
- Hostile
- Agitated
- Angry
- Withdrawn
- Sullen
- Demanding
- Irritable
- Sad
- Hair and Scalp
- Clean
- Oily
- Dirty
- Sores
- Matted
- Dandruff
- Dry
- Eyes
- Bright
- Sensitive to light
- Dull
- Discharge
- Blind
- Red
- Sees well
- Glassy
- Sees poorly
- Ears
- Discharge
- Hears well
- Deaf
- Pain
- Difficulty hearing
- Nose
- Dry
- Bleeding
- Discharge
- Stopped up, congested
- Mouth
- Odor
- Discharge
- Difficulty chewing
- Difficulty swallowing
- Gums, red, bleeding
- Bluish or pale lips
- Sores
- Condition of teeth and dentures
- Speech
- Normal
- Slurred
- Unable to speak
- Individual
- Difficult talking
- Breath
- Slow
- Coughing
- Rapid
- Noisy
- Painful
- Difficult breathing
- Neck
- Swelling
- Pain
- Difficult swallowing
- Arms, Wrists, Hands, and Fingers
- Bruises
- Rashes
- Cold
- Cuts
- Swelling
- Pale or bluish fingernails
- Movement
- Easy
- Painful
- Twitching
- Difficult
- Shaking
- No movement - one side or both sides
- Strength
- Weakness - general or one sided
- Difficult holding objects
- Loss of strength
- Feeling
- Numbness
- Pain
- Tingling sensation
- Chest and Abdomen
- Bruises
- Rashes
- Pain
- Cuts
- Swelling
- Breasts
- Lumps
- Soreness
- Irritation of skin under the breast
- Discharge from nipple
- Pain
- Pubic Area
- Bruises
- Rashes
- Pain
- Cuts
- Swelling
- Lumps
- Discharge
- Bleeding
- Legs, Ankles, Feet, and Toes
- Bruises
- Rashes
- Pain
- Sores or discoloration of the area
- Movement
- Easy
- Painful
- Twitching
- Difficult moving or applying pressure
- Shaking
- No movement
- Change in strength
- Numbness or tingling
- Upper and Lower Back and Buttocks
- Bruises
- Scaly patches
- Redness
- Swelling
- Sores
- Dry skin
- Pain
- Activities of Daily Living
- Performs ADL without assistance
- With assistance
- Can not perform
- Personal care (bathing, hair care, dressing, brushing teeth, shaving)
- Toilet (toilet, commode, urinal, bedpan)
- Eating (in bed, in room, at table)
- Moving (standing, sitting, walking)
- Appetite
- Fluids
- Foods
- Eats
- Thirsty
- Drinks
- Poor
- Elimination
- Urine
- Pale or red
- Odor
- Large amounts
- Difficulty urinating
- Incontinence
- Dark amber
- Small amount
- Painful urination
- Frequent urination
- Feces (bowel movement)
- Black, tarry
- Clay color
- Diarrhea
- Difficult moving bowels
- Painful movements
- Frequent movement
- Incontinence
- Bloody
- Watery
- Odor (foul)
- Equipment needed by the Client
- Wheelchair
- Oxygen
- Commode
- Hospital bed
- Walker
- Catheter
- Cane
- Pain
- Dull
- Stabbing
- Severe
- Location
- Aching
- Pain that comes and goes